Cycloalkanyl peroxide and process of producing the same



Patented 0a. 13, 1942 I I 2,298,405

UNITED STATES PATENT "OFFICE;

CYCLOALKANYL PEROXIDE AND PROCESS OF PRODUCING THE SAME Nicholas A. Milas, Belmont, Mass, asslznor to Research Corporation, New York, N. I, a corporation of New York No Drawing. Application September 7, 1939,

Serial No. 293,851

11 Claims. (CL 260-610) This invention relates to the synthesis of and cycloalkanylidene peroxides (III, IV, V, and peroxidic derivatives of cycloalkanes and with VI).

the products of such synthesis. By the term Using a circle to denote a cycloparafl inic ring peroxidic derivatives of cycloalkanes is here of at least 3 carbon atoms, and the symbol meant an organic peroxide derived from a cyc1o- 5 v alkanone, i. e., a cycloalkanyl keto'ne by interaction of hydrogen peroxide with the latter, with or without removal of H20 from the resulting 6 reaction product. a

I have found that when y oa a es e 10 to denote a cycloalkanone, the various peroxidic eacted W an y o s y e p o d t products formed by the reaction just stated may least three types of peroxides are likely to form, be illustrated as follows:

no OOH o H (1)" soon Q 0O 0H 00H i I a l l o 0 d1 0 menlacs 0 o 2 I I iv v:

polymerlzea l l O 0 iz., l-hydroxycycloalkanyl hydroperoxide-l (1), Using the cyclopentyl radical as the cyclo- .1'-dihydroxydicycloalkanyl peroxide-1.1 (II), 50 paramnlc radical of such ketones, these various o-o\ I o o-oo-o L Li Lil In certain'cases, especially with cyclopentanone as the ketone, products of type I above spontaneously revert to types III, IV or V,whereas in other cases this reaction as well as that from type II to type VI requires use of a suitable dehydrating agent.

The cycloalkanyl peroxides of the present invention are useful as organic sources of active oxygen. In view of their case of preparation from fairly cheap sources of raw materials and their relative stability, these peroxides may be used as germicides; as bleaching agents, e. g., for the bleaching of various types of cloth and,

Anal. calcd. for C1oH1aO4: Active (0), 7.92.

Active(0) 8.12, 7.84.

ExAuPLn 3.-.=-Dicz/clopentylidene peroxide when l-hydroxycyclopentyl hydroperoxide-l was allowed to stand at room temperature for several days crystals (needles) began to form. These were separated and dried on. a porous plate. Cooling the viscous residue to 0 C. for some time enhancedcrystallization. These crystals melted rather sharply at '7375 C. and the melt began to show evolution of gas-at 105 C.

being relatively non-toxic, for the bleaching of flour; as accelerators for the polymerization of various unsaturated substances to produce valuable resins; as accelerators for the combustion of Diesel fuels; as explosives in blasting; and in other relations.

The invention will now be described with greater particularity with reference to the following illustrative (but not exclusive) examples:

EXAMPLE 1.-1-hydro:cycyclopentyl hydroperoxide-1 Ho 0.0K

Hz C CHI The cyclopentanone used was purified by fractionation and the fraction boiling at 129-130 C. collected. Five grams of this product was dissolved in 100 cc. of 0.6 molal hydrogen peroxide in anhydrous ether and the solution allowed to stand at room temperature for a few days. The ether was then removed at room temperature under reduced pressure and the viscous residue subjected to a vacuum of about 1 mm. for several hours to remove any unconverted ketone and free hydrogen peroxide. The viscous residue, 6.2 g., was analyzed for active oxygen using an acetone solution of sodium iodide acidified with acetic acid and titrating the liberated iodine against standard sodium thiosulfate.

Anal. calcd. for C5H1003I Active (0): 13.6. Found: Active (0): 13.9, 14.4.

The above experiment was repeated a number of times using both ether and t-butyl alcohol as solvents, with practically identical results.

It should be noted here that the above peroxidic product is highly explosive.

They exploded violently when heated on a steel spatula.

Anal. calcd. for CsH10O3. H2Oz2 Active (0), 17.8. Found: Active (0), 18.7, 18.6, 18.64.

This peroxide has also been prepared. by allowing cyclopentanone (1 cc.) to react with 30% hydrogen peroxide, Albone C, (1 cc.) for 2 days, then cooling the clear solution in an ice-salt mixture whereby a white crystalline solid separated out. This solid was dried on a. porous plate and found to have a M. P. of 73-75 C. and an analysis of 18.6% active oxygen.

In view of these results, I have come to the conclusion that this peroxide is probably l-hydroxycyclopentyl hydroperoxide-l with half a mole of hydrogen peroxide of crystallization. Because of its explo'siveness I was unable to run combustions for carbon and hydrogen determinations. This also has been the case with all other peroxides obtained from cyclopentanone.

Anal. calcd. for CsHsOr: Active (0) 16.0..

Found: Active (O),16.13, 15.6, 16.5.

Inasmuch as the M. P. of this peroxide is too high for a five carbon substance, it was early suspected that it might be a polymer of cyclopentylidene peroxide. A molecular weight was therefore taken in t-butyl alcohol and in camphor and found to be 206 and 202 respectively as against 200 calculated for the dimer of cyclopentylidene peroxide.

Exmn 4. -Polycuclopentyliene peroxide I 'it was recrystallized several times with no change in M. P. An atempt to determine its molecular weight was unsuccessful- When analyzed for active oxygen in an acidified solution of sodium iodide in dioxane the results obtained. were high- 1y unsatisfactory. Finally, when it was refluxed in an acetone-acetic acid-sodium iodide solution for one hour, using appropriat blanks, it yielded only about three-fourths of its active oxygen.

Anal. calcd. for (CsHaOah: Active (0) 16.0. Found: Active (0), 12.6.

Although this peroxideis very inert, it explodes violently when heated on a steel spatula.

A yield of over 50% was obtained as polycyclopentylidene peroxide from the original reaction product.

This same polymer was also obtained in smaller quantities together with the dimer when the peroxide M. P. 73-75 C. was treated with various solvents.

EXAMPLE 5.1-hydroxycyclohe:ryl hydroperoxide-1 c 1110 CH,

Five grams of cyclohexanone (B. P. 155-156 C.) was mixed with 85 cc. of 0.6 molal hydrogen peroxide solution in anhydrous ether and the mixture allowed to stand at room temperature for one day. The ether was then removed under reduced pressure and, the viscous residue allowed Eight and eight-tenths grams of cyclohexanone was mixed with 87 cc. of 0.55 molal hydrogen peroxide solution in anhydrous ether and the mixture allowed to stand at room temperature for two days. The ether was then removed under reduced pressure and the highly viscous residue was allowed to stand at 0 C. for twenty-four hours whereby it was converted into a white crystailine mass which was recrystallized from ether; M. P. 68-70 C. A yield of 4.1 g. of the pure product was obtained. This peroxide is insoluble in water and fails to liberate iodine from an acidified solution-of potassium iodide. It was therefore analyzed by the acetone method above described.

Anal. calcd. for CizHinOr:

Active (0), 6.96. Found: Active (0), 6.89.

When heated on a steel spatula this peroxide does not explode but burns with a smoky flame.

EXAMPLE 7.Hydrozzl-methyl-cyclohe:cyl hydroperoxides and peroxides Seven peroxides were obtained from the three methyl-cyclohexanones. For the hydroperoxides equimolecular proportions of the ketones and 0.6 molal hydrogen peroxide in anhydrous ether were mixed together and the mixtures allowed to stand at room temperature for some time. For the peroxides the molal ratio used of the ketone to peroxide was 2:1. After a number of days, in all cases the ether was removed under reduced pressure and the products obtained separated and analyzed. All peroxides thus obtained with the exception of those obtained from m-methylcyclohexanone were highly viscous liquids but failed to crystallize even when cooled to 20 C. The viscosity of the peroxides from m-methylcyclohexanone was rather low and only increased slightly when cooled to -20 0. Analytical and other data of these peroxides are given in Table I following:

Table I SUMMARY OF DATA FOR THE HYDROXY METHYL HYDROPEROXIDES AND PEROXIDES When 1-hydroxy-3-methylcyclohexyl hydroperoxide-1 LHo /0.0H \C\ HZG/ HO- a was allowed to stand at room temperature for a number of days. crystals began to separate which, after several recrystallizations from anhydrous ether melted rather sharply at -121 0.

Anal.- calcd. for C7H12O2.%H2022 Active (0) 16.5. Found: Active (0),16.0.

This peroxide is highly explosive when heated on a steel spatula and behaves in all respects like the cyclopentylidene peroxide with hydrogen peroxide of crystallization. However, after several crystallizations I was unable to obtain S-methyl cyclohexylidene peroxide free from hy-- drogen peroxide.

ExAMPLs 8.1-hudro:rycycloheptyl hydroperoxide-1 carom-cm Hr-CHr-CHI 0.0H

Five grams of cycloheptanone was mixed with 100 cc. of 0.55 molal hyrdogen peroxide in anhydrous ether and the mixture was allowed to stand at room temperature. for several days. When the ether was removed under reduced pressure, the highly viscous residue (4.5 g.) partly crystallized out, and the crystals separated and dried on a porous plate; M. P. 92-.-94 C.

Anal. calcd. for 01111403: Active Found: Active (0), 10.00.

EXAMPLE 9.1-hydrozycyclo5ctyl hydroperoxide-l CHrCHr-CH: on

enema-ch. o.orr Four and four-tenths grams of cycloiictanone was mixed with 120 cc. of 0.55 molai solution of hydrogen peroxide in anhydrous ether and the mixture allowed to stand at room temperature for several days. To remove the excess hydrogen peroxide, the mixture was then shaken several times with a saturated ammonium sulfate solution until the aqueous layer gave a negativetest for hydrogen peroxide. The ether layer was then dried with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the ether removed under reduced pressure.

A highly viscous semi-solid product, 4.4 g., was

This peroxide was prepared in the same inanner as the mono-cycloiictyl except that the proportions of reagents used were different. Two and six-tenths grams (0.0206 mole) of cyclodctanone was mixed with 22 cc. of 0.55 molal hydrogen peroxide in anhydrous ether and the mixture allowed to stand at room temperature for several days. The solution was then shaken several times with a saturated solution of ammonium sulfate until the latter showed negative test for hydrogen peroxide. Finally, the ethereal solution was dried with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered and the ether removed under reduced pressure. -A yield of 2.2 g. of highly viscous product was obtained which failed to crystallize.

Anal. calcd. for Found: Active (0). 5.53.

I claim:

1. A cycloalkanyl peroxide.

'2.- A l-hydroxycycloalkanyl hydroperoxide-l.

3. A 1,1'-dihydroxydicyc1oa1kany1 eroxide-1,1.

4. An hydroxycyclopentyl peroxide.

5. 1,-1-dihydroxydicyclppentyl peroxide-1,1.

6. A l-hydroxy-methyl-cycloherwl hydroperoxide -1.

7. 1 hydroxy-3-methyl-cyclohexyL hydroperoxide-'1.

8. Process for the production of a cycloalkanyl peroxide which comprises reacting a cycloalkanyl ketone with hydrogen peroxide in the absence of water.

9. Process for the production of a cycloalkanyl peroxide which comprises reacting a cycloalkanyl ketone with hydrogen peroxide dissolved in a non-aqueous volatile organic solvent, and separating the solvent from the resulting product.

10. Process for the production of a l-hydroxycycloalkanyl hydroperoxide-l, which comprises reacting a cycloalkanyl ketone and anhydrous hydrogen peroxide'in substantially equimolecular proportions. 4

11. Process for the production of a l,1'-dihydroxydicycloalkanyl peroxide-1,1, which comprises reacting a cycloalkanyl ketone and anhydrous hydrogen peroxide in substantially the molal ratiov of the cyclic ketone to the hydrogen peroxide of 2:1.

. NICHOLAS A. MILAB.

C1eHaoO4; Active (0), 5.59. 

